THYROID

The thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck, responsible for producing hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) that regulate metabolism, energy production, and body temperature. Thyroid disorders include hypothyroidism, where the gland produces insufficient hormones, leading to fatigue, weight gain, and depression, and hyperthyroidism, where excessive hormone production causes weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and anxiety. Goiter, an enlarged thyroid, can occur due to iodine deficiency or other conditions.

Diagnosis involves blood tests measuring hormone levels, and treatment options include medication, hormone replacement, or in some cases, surgery. Regular monitoring helps manage thyroid health effectively.